Solution : https://service.sap.com/sap/support/notes/1447579 (SAP Service marketplace login required)
Key words : 
refresh query/workbook/template/view, 'default values' filter property, 'default values' filter, variable values provided, bex analyzer/ wjr, variable screen shows, query/ workbook, default values, refresh overwrite, bex analyzer
Related Notes : 
       
| 1340461 | Personalization of a variable is not displayed | 
| 1278078 | Incorrect variable value is displayed after refresh | 
| 1064273 | Problems when you process the variable screen again |